Infant colic is long periods of intense crying in a healthy, well-fed baby, often in the late afternoon or evening. It usually starts at 2 to 3 weeks of age, is worst around 6 weeks, and goes away by 3 to 4 months. The exact cause is unknown and it does not harm the baby, but it is very tiring for parents. A doctor should check the baby to make sure there is no other cause for the crying.
Symptoms
Crying for more than 3 hours a day, on more than 3 days a week
Crying that is hard to calm, often at the same time each day
The face goes red, the fists clench and the legs pull up to the belly
Passing gas while crying
The baby feeds well and gains weight normally between episodes
Causes
The exact cause is not known
A still-developing gut and nervous system
Swallowing air during feeding or crying
Sensitivity to noise, stimulation or tiredness
Rarely, cow milk protein allergy or reflux — a doctor can check
Prevention
Colic cannot always be prevented
Hold the baby upright during feeds and burp the baby during and after each feed
Make sure the baby latches well to reduce swallowed air
Talk to a doctor
Get advice by video, voice or chat without leaving home.
Keep a calm, quiet routine, especially in the evening
Do not smoke in the home
Treatment
Hold, rock or walk with the baby; gentle sounds or a warm bath can help
Skin-to-skin contact, holding the baby on your chest
Keep breastfeeding; a breastfeeding mother usually does not need to change her diet unless a doctor advises it
It is fine to put the baby down safely in the cot and take a few minutes of rest if you feel stressed
Never shake a baby — shaking can cause brain damage or death
Do not give gripe water, herbal teas, opium or other medicines without a doctor
Common questions
Is something wrong with my milk?
Almost always, no. Colic happens in breastfed and formula-fed babies alike. Keep breastfeeding; if the baby is gaining weight well, your milk is enough.
Why should I never give opium or sleeping medicine to a crying baby?
Opium (taryak) and sleeping medicines can slow or stop a baby breathing and can cause addiction, poor feeding and death. They do not treat colic. Ask a health worker for safe help instead.
