Sinusitis
Sinusitis is swelling of the sinuses, the air spaces in the bones of the face around the nose and eyes. It usually follows a cold, is mostly caused by viruses, and gets better on its own within 2 to 3 weeks. Some people, often those with allergies, get sinusitis that lasts for months.
Symptoms
- Blocked or runny nose with thick yellow or green mucus
- Pain or pressure in the face, around the eyes, cheeks or forehead, worse when bending forward
- Headache
- Reduced sense of smell
- Fever
- Pain in the upper teeth and bad breath
Causes
- Cold viruses
- Sometimes bacteria, after a cold that does not clear
- Allergies such as hay fever
- Nasal polyps or a bent nasal septum
- Smoke and dust
Prevention
- Treat allergies and colds early
- Avoid tobacco smoke and dusty air
- Wash hands often
- Drink enough fluids to keep mucus thin
Treatment
- Rinse the nose with salt water or use saline nose drops
- Breathe warm steam carefully (keep children away from hot water)
- Paracetamol or ibuprofen for pain
- Decongestant nose sprays for no more than 3 to 5 days
- Antibiotics only if a doctor thinks the infection is bacterial
- Do not start antibiotics or other prescription medicines without a doctor
Common questions
How can I tell sinusitis from a cold?
A cold usually improves within a week. Sinusitis causes pain or pressure in the face and thick mucus, and often lasts longer than 10 days.
Is it safe to use decongestant nose spray every day?
No. Using it for more than 3 to 5 days can make the blockage worse when you stop. Saline drops are safe to use for longer.