What anaemia is

Anaemia means the blood does not have enough healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen around the body. In Afghanistan it is very common, especially in women of childbearing age, pregnant women and young children. The most common cause is not getting enough iron, but worms, malaria, frequent infections and heavy monthly bleeding can also play a part.

Signs of anaemia

  • Tiredness and weakness, even after rest
  • Pale skin, and paleness inside the lower eyelids, on the palms and in the nails
  • Shortness of breath or a fast heartbeat with light activity
  • Dizziness and headaches
  • In children: poor appetite, slow growth and difficulty concentrating

In pregnancy, anaemia increases the risk of a small or early baby and of dangerous bleeding during birth.

Iron-rich foods you can find locally

  • Meat, liver, chicken and fish: the body absorbs the iron in these foods most easily. Liver is especially rich in iron.
  • Eggs
  • Lentils (dal), mung beans, kidney beans and chickpeas
  • Dark green leaves such as spinach
  • Dried fruits such as dried apricots, dried mulberries and raisins
  • Whole-wheat bread

Help your body absorb iron

  • Eat iron-rich foods together with foods rich in vitamin C, such as oranges, tomatoes, sweet peppers, or a squeeze of lemon on your dal or salad.
  • Drink tea between meals rather than with food, ideally an hour before or after eating, because tea reduces how much iron the body takes in.
  • Pregnant women are usually given iron and folic acid tablets; take them as the health worker advises.
  • Children may need deworming medicine, as advised by a health worker.
  • Keep all iron tablets out of the reach of children; too many can poison a child.

When to see a doctor

See a doctor if you or your child often feel tired, look pale, or get breathless easily. A simple blood test can show whether you have anaemia and how serious it is. Do not start iron tablets without advice. Go to the nearest hospital immediately if someone with anaemia faints, has chest pain or severe shortness of breath, or if a pregnant woman has heavy bleeding.

To have your symptoms checked, book a consultation with a doctor in the app or visit a clinic.