Acid reflux happens when stomach acid flows back up into the food pipe (oesophagus), causing a burning feeling called heartburn. Occasional reflux is common; when it happens twice a week or more it is called GERD. Lifestyle changes and medicines usually control it well.
Symptoms
Burning pain in the chest behind the breastbone (heartburn), often after meals or when lying down
A sour or bitter taste as acid comes up into the mouth
Belching and bloating
Hoarse voice, cough or sore throat, especially in the morning
Difficulty or pain when swallowing in some people
Causes
A weak muscle valve at the bottom of the food pipe
Large, fatty or spicy meals, and eating late at night
Being overweight, and pregnancy
Smoking, naswar, and strong tea or coffee
A hiatus hernia (part of the stomach pushing up into the chest)
Some medicines, such as painkillers
Prevention
Eat smaller meals and do not lie down for 2 to 3 hours after eating
Raise the head of the bed or use an extra pillow
Talk to a doctor
Get advice by video, voice or chat without leaving home.
Cut down on fatty and spicy food, strong tea and fizzy drinks
Wear loose clothes around the waist
Treatment
Lifestyle changes are the first step
Antacids or alginate medicines for short-term relief
Acid-reducing medicines, such as omeprazole or famotidine, as advised by a doctor
A doctor review if you need medicine for a long time
Do not start prescription medicines without a doctor
Common questions
How can I tell heartburn from heart pain?
Heartburn is usually a burning feeling after meals or when lying down and often eases with antacids. Pain with sweating, breathlessness, or spreading to the arm, neck or jaw may be the heart. If in doubt, get emergency help.
Is reflux common in pregnancy?
Yes, heartburn is very common in pregnancy. Small meals and not lying down after eating help. Ask your doctor or midwife before taking any medicine.
